Bangkok: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects not only movement but also presents with other neurological warning signs that many people may overlook. Early detection, coupled with treatment and appropriate exercise, is crucial in slowing disease progression and improving the patient's quality of life.
According to Thai News Agency, statistics show that the disease is prevalent among the elderly, affecting approximately 1-3% of the population, with the risk increasing with age. It can also occur in younger individuals under 40 and is often difficult to diagnose as it frequently begins with stiffness or pain in one arm. Parkinson's is slightly more common in men than women.
The disease is caused by the degeneration of the nervous system that controls movement, with genetic factors playing a role of approximately 5-20%, along with environmental factors. The main symptom of Parkinson's disease is slow movement. Patients experience a lengthening and slowing of their stride, pauses, hesitations, and shuffling movements. Tremors are found in approximately 70% of patients, usually beginning on one side of the body first. Unlike Alzheimer's, which affects cognitive function, Parkinson's focuses on movement abnormalities.
Early warning signs, which may occur before tremors, include sleepwalking behaviors, a reduced sense of smell, bowel disorders, and depression. If these signs persist for more than six months, consulting a doctor is recommended.
Treatment for Parkinson's includes medical options such as oral medication, patches, injections, and surgery. Exercise, like Tai Chi or balance walking, is part of treatment and helps improve balance and slow disease progression. Family support is crucial as the symptoms fluctuate over time, aiding the patient's adaptation to society and preventing isolation or depression.
Information provided by Prof. Dr. Rungroj Pithyosiri, Head of the Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Chulalongkorn Hospital.